Back to all tests
pilot version

Rumination (RRS-10)

The short Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS-10, Treynor, Gonzalez & Nolen-Hoeksema) measures rumination — the habit of repetitively and passively replaying your sad state and its causes in your head. The scale separates two kinds: brooding (a gloomy, anxious "getting stuck" in the spirit of "why is this happening to me") and reflection (purposeful attempts to figure things out). Brooding is closely linked to depression; reflection is more ambiguous — it's important to distinguish them.

Time 3-4 min
Questions 10
Method Ruminative Responses Scale-10 (Treynor, Gonzalez, Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003) — used in research with attribution; adapted by Psy-Atlas (in items 7 and 20 "depressed" is rendered as "down")
Before you start
This describes a habitual style of responding to sadness, not a diagnosis. Rumination is not "deep thinking" but repetitive passive replaying that intensifies and prolongs a bad state. The measurement shows how prone you are to brooding and reflection.